Limited solubility of a significant number of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is a substantial issue that reduces their bioavailability. Consequently, the search for effective approaches to enhance API solubility remains a relevant focus in modern pharmaceutical science. One of the promising strategies to overcome the problem of low API solubility is the use of solid dispersion systems (SDSs), in which the active substance is uniformly distributed within a polymer matrix. Particular attention is drawn to the creation of such systems in the form of nonwoven materials based on ultrafine fibres, which provide a high surface area and promote solubility improvement. Electrospinning involves the use of an electrostatic field to produce nonwoven materials made of ultrafine fibres from a solution or melt, enabling control over their morphology. A review of scientific sources confirms the application of this technology for developing solid dispersion systems with improved solubility of APIs from various pharmacological groups.The selection of electrospinning parameters depends on the requirements for the morphology of nonwoven materials, their mechanical properties, production scale, and economic factors.

The aim: to investigate the potential of electrospinning technology for the development of SDSs with improved solubility of APIs.

Materials and methods. The review was prepared based on an analysis of scientific and patent publications covering the use of electrospinning technology to produce SDS with enhanced API solubility. Source selection considered topic relevance, scientific novelty, data reliability, and completeness of results description. The subsequent analysis involved systematizing information on types of polymer matrices and APIs, electrospinning process parameters, solubility evaluation methods, and examples of the practical implementation of the technology in pharmaceutical development.

Results. Analysis of the scientific literature has shown that electrospinning technology is an effective method for producing solid dispersion systems with improved API solubility. Appropriate polymer selection and optimization of process parameters ensure uniform API distribution within the fibres, determine the morphology and properties of the material, and influence the dissolution rate and bioavailability. Literature data confirm the high potential of this technology as an innovative approach in pharmaceutical development.

Conclusions. Electrospinning technology is a promising method for creating SDS to improve API solubility. An optimal choice of polymer matrix and process parameters ensures uniform distribution of the substance within the fibres and increases both dissolution rate and bioavailability.