P-selectin and sST2 as prognostic biomarkers of cardiovascular events in patients with multiple myeloma following anticancer therapy and severe COVID-19

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2025.2.329039

Keywords:

multiple myeloma, COVID-19, sST2, P-selectin, cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

This study investigates the prognostic value of sST2 and P-selectin as biomarkers for cardiovascular risk in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who are in remission following anticancer therapy and have experienced severe COVID-19. The topic is of increasing clinical relevance due to the growing incidence of cardiovascular complications in this patient population, highlighting the need for reliable tools for early risk stratification.

The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic significance of sST2 and P-selectin levels as markers of cardiovascular events in multiple myeloma patients after COVID-19.

Materials and methods. The study included 125 patients with MM in partial or complete remission. All participants were followed for 12 months, during which cardiovascular events – including myocardial infarction, stroke, arrhythmias, and heart failure – were recorded. Serum levels of sST2 and P-selectin were measured using ELISA.

Results. Cardiovascular events were observed in 29 (27.1 %) patients. Patients who experienced such events had significantly higher median levels of sST2 (48.6 ng/mL vs. 28.6 ng/mL) and P-selectin (74.1 ng/mL vs. 58.05 ng/mL) compared to those without complications (p < 0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic performance, with an AUC of 0.813 for sST2 and 0.737 for P-selectin. A combined biomarker model (sST2 >28.5 ng/mL and P-selectin >67.0 ng/mL) yielded the highest predictive accuracy.

Conclusions. Elevated serum levels of sST2 and P-selectin are independent predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with MM after severe COVID-19. These findings support the use of a multi-biomarker approach in cardio-oncohematological monitoring to facilitate the early identification of high-risk patients and personalization of therapeutic strategies.

Author Biographies

B. B. Samura, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine 3

M. O. Panasenko, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University

MD, PhD, Assistant of the Department of Internal Medicine 3

T. O. Samura, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapy and Cosmetology

I. V. Chorna, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine 3

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Additional Files

Published

2025-07-04

How to Cite

1.
Samura BB, Panasenko MO, Samura TO, Chorna IV. P-selectin and sST2 as prognostic biomarkers of cardiovascular events in patients with multiple myeloma following anticancer therapy and severe COVID-19. Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice [Internet]. 2025Jul.4 [cited 2025Jul.6];18(2):193-6. Available from: https://pharmed.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/329039